Ni ibihe bintu bisanzwe bikoreshwa mu gukamura amenyo (cationic flocculants)?

Gutunganya amazi ni ingenzi cyane mu gucunga ibidukikije, bigamije kwemeza ko amazi ari meza ku ikoreshwa no gukoreshwa mu nganda. Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi muri iki gikorwa ni ugukoresha imiti igabanya ubushyuhe—imiti ituma ibice binini bivanwa mu mazi byiyongera, cyangwa imitobe, hanyuma bigakurwa mu mazi byoroshye. Mu moko atandukanye y’imitobe, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe ifite akamaro cyane bitewe n’imbaraga zayo nziza, ikorana cyane n’imitobe ifite ingufu nke ikunze kuboneka mu mazi yanduye. Iyi nkuru irasuzuma imiti igabanya ubushyuhe ikoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya amazi n’ikoreshwa ryayo.

Polyacrylamide za Cationic(CPAM)

Polyacrylamides za Cationic, ziri mu zikoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya amazi. Ku bakoresha benshi, CPAM ni yo mahitamo yabo meza. Izi polymer zigizwe n'uduce duto twa acrylamide, dushobora guhindurwamo amatsinda y'imikorere ya cationic. Uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye bwa poliacrylamides za Cationic buri mu buremere bwazo bushobora guhinduka bwa molekile n'ubucucike bwa charge, bigatuma zihindurwa kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu buryo bwihariye. C-PAM zifite akamaro cyane mu gutunganya amazi yanduye yo mu nganda n'amazi akoreshwa mu gusohora amazi bitewe n'ubushobozi bwazo bwo gusohora amazi menshi kandi zikenera dose nkeya.

Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PolyDADMAC)

PolyDADMAC ni igikoresho gikoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya amazi kizwiho kuba gifite ingufu nyinshi kandi gitanga umusaruro mwinshi mu gutunganya amazi. Iyi polymer ifite akamaro kanini mu gutunganya amazi no kuyacukura, bigatuma iba amahitamo akunzwe yo gutunganya amazi yo kunywa, amazi yanduye, n'imyanda iva mu nganda. PolyDADMAC ikorana neza n'izindi mashini zicukura amazi n'imyanda, yongera uburyo bwo kuyatunganya binyuze mu gutanga uburyo bukomeye bwo guteranya no kuyakuramo.

Polyamines(PA)

Polyamines ni ikindi cyiciro cy’imiti ikoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi. Iyi miti, irimo poly (dimethylamine-co-epichlorohydrin) n’ibindi bisa nayo, igaragaza ubucucike bukomeye bwa cationic charge, bigatuma igira akamaro kanini mu gukuraho uduce duto dufite amashanyarazi mabi. Polyamines ni ingirakamaro cyane mu gukurura amazi mabi, gukuraho ibintu bikomoka ku bimera, no kuvura imyanda itandukanye yo mu nganda. Ubushobozi bwazo bwo gukora imiti myinshi butuma amazi ahora yihuta kandi amazi asukuwe akarushaho kuba meza.

Porogaramu n'Ibyiza byazo

Imiti ikoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi mu mazi ifite uruhare runini mu buryo butandukanye bwo kuyasukura, kuva ku mazi yanduye yo mu mujyi no kuyasukura kugeza ku micungire y’imyanda ikoreshwa mu nganda. Akamaro kayo ka mbere ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo kugabanya neza uduce tw’amazi dufite umuriro mubi, bigatuma amazi aboneka vuba kandi neza. Ibi bituma amazi agaragara neza, agatakaza ubushyuhe, kandi amazi akarushaho kuba meza. Byongeye kandi, imiti ikoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi ikoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi ikunze gukoreshwa hamwe n’indi miti ikoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi, nka coagulants, kugira ngo irusheho kunoza uburyo bwo kuyatunganya no kugera ku bipimo by’ubuziranenge bw’amazi byifuzwa.

Gukoresha imiti igabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi ni ingenzi mu mikorere ya none yo gutunganya amazi, bitanga ibisubizo byiza kandi byizewe byo guteranya no gukuraho uduce duto tw’amazi. Polyacrylamides, polyamines, PolyDADMAC ni bimwe mu miti igabanya ubushyuhe ikoreshwa cyane kandi ifite akamaro muri iki gihe. Uburyo bwinshi, ubushobozi, no guhuza n’imiterere y’amazi bituma biba ibikoresho by’ingenzi mu kwemeza ko amazi meza kandi meza aboneka mu bikorwa bitandukanye.

Birumvikana ko guhitamo flocculant biterwa kandi n'uburyo umukoresha akoresha, imiterere y'ibikoresho, ibidukikije, n'ibindi. Ubuyobozi bw'imikoreshereze y'ibicuruzwa bugomba gukurikizwa.