Ibipimo bitatu ukeneye kwitondera mugihe uhisemo pam

Polyacrylalide. Ibipimo bya tekiniki bya pam birimo ionicity, impamyabumenyi ya hydrolysis, uburemere bwa molekile, nibindi. Ibi bipimo bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku ngaruka zo gutunganya amazi. Gusobanukirwa Ibi bipimo bizagufasha guhitamo vuba ibicuruzwa bifatika.

Ubunenga

Uburebure bwerekeza niba urunigi rwa mome rutwara ibirego byiza cyangwa bibi. Urwego rwa Ionisation rufite ingaruka zikomeye ku ngaruka zo gutunganya amazi. Muri rusange, ifinity iteredity, nibyiza kurimbukiranya. Ibi ni ukubera ko iions pam yiminyururu itwara moleki zitwara ibirego byinshi kandi irashobora gukurura ibintu byinshi byahagaritswe, bigatuma bakorana kugirango bakore Floc nini.

Polyacrylaside ahanini agabanijwemo aniontic (Apam), catic (CPAM), hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bushingiye kuri IIONICITABO. Ubu bwoko butatu bwa pam ifite ingaruka zitandukanye. Mubikorwa bifatika, ioniity ikwiye igomba gutorwa ishingiye kubintu nka PH agaciro kamazi yavuwe, amashanyarazi, no kwibanda ku bice byahagaritswe. Kurugero, kubwoya bwamazi ya aside, pam hamwe nibitekerezo byinshi bigomba gutoranywa; Kubwamazi ya alkaline, pam hamwe na ainintity yo hejuru igomba gutorwa. Byongeye kandi, kugirango ugere ku ngaruka nziza ya flocculation, irashobora kugerwaho no kuvanga pam hamwe na dogere zitandukanye za ionic.

Urwego rwa hydrolysis (kuri Apam)

Urwego rwa hydrolysis rwa PAM bivuga urwego rwa hydrolysis rwamatsinda ya amide kumunyururu wacyo. Urwego rwa hydrolysis rushobora gushyirwa murwego rwo hasi, ruciriritse, na dogere nyinshi za hydrolysis. Pam hamwe na dogere zitandukanye za hydrolysis zifite ibintu bitandukanye no gukoresha.

Pam hamwe nurwego rwo hasi rwa hydrolysis rukoreshwa cyane cyane mugukabyimba no gutuza. Yongera viscosiya cigisubizo, yemerera ibice byahagaritswe kubitatana neza. Bikoreshwa cyane mumazi yo gucukura, amababi, ninganda zibiribwa.

Pam hamwe nurwego ruciriritse rwa hydrolysis rufite ingaruka nziza ya flocculation kandi ibereye uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura amazi. Irashobora gukusanya ibice kugirango bibe Floc nini binyuze muri adsorption no mukarura, bityo bikagera ku gukemura byihuse. Bikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye no kuvura imyanda, gutunganya inganda, no gucika intege.

Pam hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru rwa hydrolysis rufite ubumuga bukomeye kandi bukoreshwa muburyo bwo gucapa kandi bigakoreshwa mugucapura no gusiga irangi mu gucapa no gusiga irangi ryamazi hamwe nibindi bice. Irashobora gutangaza neza kandi ikuraho ibintu byangiza mumata yamazi, nka dyes, ibyuma biremereye, nibikorwa ngengabuzima, binyuze mumafaranga yishyure hamwe nitsinda ryumurongo wa Polymer.

Uburemere bwa molekile

Uburemere bwa mole ya pam bivuga uburebure bwurunigi rwayo. Mubisanzwe, hejuru yuburemere bwa molekila, nibyiza kuringaniza pam. Ibi ni ukubera ko uburemere bwimisozi miremire bushobora kuba bwiza burashobora guhagarika ibice, bigatuma bakorana kugirango bakore Flocs nini. Mugihe kimwe, uburemere bwimisozi miremire bufite ubushobozi bwiza bwo guhuza no gukara, bushobora kuzamura imbaraga no gutuza kuri floc.

Mubikorwa bifatika, uburemere bwa moleki ya pam ikoreshwa mu kuvura imyanda hamwe no kuvura amazi yinganda bisaba ibisabwa byinshi, muri rusange kuva kuri miriyoni kugeza kuri miriyoni. Ibisabwa byuburemere bya pam ikoreshwa muguhita kuvurwa ni hasi cyane, muri rusange kuva kuri miriyoni kugeza kuri miriyoni.

Mu gusoza, ibipimo byerekana nka ionintity, impamyabumenyi ya hydrolysis, nuburemere bwa molekisi nibintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kubisabwa bya pam mugutunganya amazi. Mugihe uhisemo ibicuruzwa bya pam, ugomba kubyumva ubwiza bwamazi hanyuma ugahitamo ukurikije ibipimo bya tekiniki kugirango ubone ingaruka nziza za plocculation, kunoza imikorere, nubwiza bwamazi.