Uko ubushyuhe buzamuka muri Amerika y'Epfo, impeshyi iri hafi kugera. Pisine zo koga zigiye kuba ahantu hakundwa cyane ku bantu kuruhuka no kuruhuka.
Kuva muri Brezili na Arijantine kugeza muri Shili, Kolombiya na Peru, iki ni igihe cy'ingenzi ku bacuruzi b'imiti yo mu bwoko bwa pisine kugira ngo barebe neza ko ibikoresho bihagije kandi bashobore guhangana n'ubwinshi bw'ibikenewe.
Mu bice byinshi bya Amerika y'Epfo, igihe cyo koga kimara guhera mu Gushyingo kugeza muri Werurwe umwaka ukurikiyeho. Muri iki gihe, kugurisha imiti yo mu bidendezi byo koga biziyongeraho ibirenze 50% ugereranije n'igihe cy'itumba. Kugira ngo babone amahirwe, abacuruzi b'imiti yo mu bidendezi bagomba kwibanda ku guhunika imiti y'ingenzi. Iyi nkuru izibanda ku kumenyekanisha imiti abacuruza imiti bo muri Amerika y'Epfo bagomba kuzuza mbere yuko igihe cy'ubukonje kigera.
Umuti wica udukoko wo mu bwogero
Umuti wica udukoko mu kidendezini imiti y'ingenzi cyane mu kubungabunga pisine. Ntabwo ishobora gusa kwemeza isuku n'isuku bya pisine, ahubwo inashimangira ubuzima bw'abayikora. Ubushyuhe bwinshi mu mpeshyi no gukoreshwa kenshi kwa pisine byongereye akamaro n'inshuro zo kuyica. Hari ubwoko butatu bw'imiti yica chlorine ikunze gukoreshwa muri pisine: aside trichloroisocyanuric, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, na calcium hypochlorite.
Ibinini bya chlorine bimaze igihe kinini, Cloro em Pastilhas, Cloro para Piscina 90%, Pastilhas de Cloro Estabilizado, TCCA 90%, Tricloro 90%
Ku bijyanye no kwica udukoko two mu kidendezi cyo koga, aside trichloroisocyanuric (TCCA) ni yo yagurishijwe cyane muri Amerika y'Epfo. TCCA izwiho kuba ifite chlorine nyinshi (90%), isohora buhoro kandi idahindagurika, ndetse n'ingaruka za bagiteri mu buryo bwagutse, ikarinda mikorobe, virusi n'ibimera mu mazi yo mu kidendezi.
TCCA ikunzwe cyane n'abafite pisine zo mu ngo ndetse n'ibigo bitanga serivisi kubera uburyo bworoshye n'umutekano wayo. Ubusanzwe TCCA itanga ibinini bya garama 200 (bikwiriye pisine nini), ibinini bya garama 20 (bikwiriye pisine nto cyangwa spa), hamwe n'udukoko n'ifu (kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu buryo bworoshye kandi bworoshye).
Ibyiza bya TCCA
Tanga uburyo bwo kurekura chlorine mu buryo buhoraho.
Gabanya inshuro zo gukoresha chlorine n'intoki.
Gutuza ingano ya chlorine mu gihe cy'izuba ryinshi.
Irakwiriye cyane mu gihe cy'izuba n'ubushyuhe bisanzwe byo mu mpeshyi yo muri Amerika y'Epfo.
Inama y'umucuruzi
Dutanga aside trichloroisocyanuric (TCCA) mu buryo butandukanye bwo gupfunyika, nk'ingoma za 1kg, 5kg na 50kg, kugira ngo dukure abakoresha bo mu ngo ndetse n'ibigo by'inzobere mu kubungabunga. Abacuruza ibinini benshi muri Brezili na Arijantine bakunda ibinini kuko byoroshye kubifata kandi bizwi n'abaguzi.
Chlorine ihita ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara z’ihungabana. Uduce twa Chlorine duhamye, Chlorine yihuta, Chlorine ikora vuba, Dicloro 60%
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate(SDIC) ni indi miti yica udukoko ya chlorine ikomeye kandi ikoreshwa cyane, ikunze gukoreshwa mu gutera chlorine no kuyikuraho vuba. Bitandukanye na TCCA, SDIC ishongera vuba mu mazi kandi igasohora chlorine ako kanya, bigatuma iba ikintu gikunzwe cyane mu bidendezi byo koga bikunze gukoreshwa cyangwa nyuma y’imvura.
Impamvu SDIC ari ingenzi muri pisine:
Ifuru ishonga vuba, igahita ikora neza.
Chlorine ikora neza cyane (56-60%) ituma imiti yica udukoko ikoreshwa mu buryo bukomeye.
Isiga ibisigazwa bike cyane kandi ikwiriye ubwoko bwose bwa pisine n'amazi.
Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gusukura amazi yo kunywa mu bihe byihutirwa cyangwa mu cyaro.
Ku isoko ryo muri Amerika y'Epfo, ifu n'ibikomoka kuri SDIC bikunzwe cyane kuko byoroshye kubipima no kongeramo. Bamwe mu bacuruza ibinyabutabire batanga SDIC mu buryo bw'ibinini bitanga umuriro, uburyo bworoshye bwo gupima bukundwa cyane n'imiryango n'amahoteli bashaka gusukura amazi vuba kandi meza.
Inama y'umucuruzi
Kwamamaza SDIC nk'uburyo bwo "gutanga umuti w'indwara z'ihungabana" na TCCA nk'uburyo bwo "gutanga umuti w'indwara z'ihungabana". Iyi ngamba yo gukoresha ibicuruzwa bibiri ifasha kongera umubare w'abaguzi basubiramo no kuba abakiriya bizerwa.
Hypochlorite ya kalisiyumu, izwi cyane nka Cal Hypo, imaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ikoreshwa nk'umuti wica udukoko mu mazi wizewe. Ifite chlorine ingana na 65%-70%, ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe, yica bagiteri, ibihumyo n'ibimera. Akamaro gakomeye ka Cal Hypo ni uko idasaba kongeramo aside cyanuriki muri pisine, bityo hirindwa ikibazo gikunze kugaragara cyo gufunga chlorine giterwa no guhagarara cyane. Ariko, ku bidendezi byo hanze, hagomba kwitabwaho cyane kugira ngo hirindwe ko chlorine yatakara bitewe n'izuba, bitandukanye no kongeramo aside cyanuriki kugira ngo pisine ihamye.
Impamvu Cal Hypo ari ingenzi cyane ku bacuruza:
Bikwiriye pisine z'ubucuruzi, ahantu ho kuruhukira, n'ahantu rusange.
Imbaraga zikomeye zo gusukura amazi mu buryo bwihuse.
Igiciro gito kuri buri gice cya chlorine ikora ugereranije na hypochlorite y'amazi ya sodium.
Amahitamo meza yo kuvura indwara ya shock cyangwa dose isanzwe.
Ariko, kubera ko ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora cyane, Cal Hypo igomba kubikwa neza. Abakwirakwiza bagomba kubahiriza amahame akomeye y’umutekano n’amabwiriza yo gupfunyika, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe n’ubukonje muri Amerika y’Epfo. Gukoresha utudomo twa pulasitiki dukozwe mu mashini bishobora kongera igihe cyo kubika no kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza amazi mu buryo butunguranye.
Inama ku mutanga serivisi:
Huza poromosiyo za Cal Hypo n'ibikoresho by'umwuga byo gucunga pisine (nk'uburyo bwo gupima ikoreshwa ry'ibinini cyangwa ibikoresho bishongeshwa mbere yo gushonga) kandi wigishe abakiriya uburyo bwo kubikoresha mu buryo bwizewe kandi bunoze.
Mu bihe by'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje, gukura kw'ibimera ni kimwe mu bibazo bikunze kugaragara mu bidendezi byo koga muri Amerika y'Epfo. Iyo ibimera bitangiye kugwira, ntibizatuma amazi ahinduka icyatsi cyangwa amahindu gusa, ahubwo binabyara bagiteri. Kubwibyo,Algaecidesni ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo kwirinda no kubungabunga biri mu katalogu y'ibicuruzwa bya buri mucuruzi.
Impamvu zituma imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura algae ikenerwa cyane:
Bishobora gukumira gukura kw'ibimera by'ibimera ndetse no mu bushyuhe bwinshi.
Ihuye n'imiti myinshi irimo chlorine.
Bifasha mu gutuma amazi aba meza mu gihe cyose cy'umwaka.
Gabanya ikoreshwa rya chlorine ukongera uburinganire bw'amazi.
Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ibiyobyabwenge birimo: ibiyobyabwenge bishingiye ku mucupa na quaternary ammonium salt algaecides. Ibiyobyabwenge bishingiye ku mucupa bigira ingaruka nziza ku ndwara zikomeye z'ibimera, mu gihe ibiyobyabwenge bifite umunyu wa quaternary ammonium salt algaecides bidafuro birushaho kuba byiza mu kubungabunga buri munsi, cyane cyane mu bidendezi byo koga bifite uburyo bukomeye bwo gutemberamo kw'amaraso.
Mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe, nyuma y'uko umubare munini w'abakoga boga cyangwa nyuma y'imvura nyinshi, amazi ashobora kuba yuzuye ibicu. Muri iki gihe, pisine igomba gukorerwaho impanuka no kuvurwa neza. Ubusanzwe gusobanurirwa neza bikorwa nyuma y'intambwe y'impanuka.Ibisobanuroishobora gufasha gusukura amazi y’umuraba iteranya uduce duto, kugira ngo ashobore kuyungururwa cyangwa gukurwamo.
aside cyanurikiIkora nk'umuti urinda izuba ukoreshwa kuri chlorine. Ifatana n'uturemangingo twa chlorine, ikagabanya kwangirika kwa UV kandi ikongera ubushobozi bwo kwica udukoko. Ibidendezi bidakomeye byashyizwemo izuba ryinshi bishobora gutakaza 90% bya chlorine mu masaha abiri.
Ibyifuzwa byo gushyiramo imbaraga:
30–50 ppm muri sisitemu nyinshi zo mu bidendezi.
Amahitamo yo gupakira muri Amerika y'Epfo:
Brezili: ibiro 25 na 50 by'udupira cyangwa ingoma za pulasitiki
Arijantine na Shili: Paki 1 na 5 kg ku isoko ry'abaguzi; Paki 25 kg ku bacuruza
Kolombiya na Peru: Ubusanzwe itumizwa mu mahanga nk'ifu nini hanyuma igashyirwa mu mapaki yo mu gace
Isesengura ry'Isoko:
Abacuruza ibintu muri Amerika y'Epfo bavuga ko aside cyanuriki ikenewe cyane kuva mu Kwakira kugeza Mutarama mu gihe amasosiyete ashinzwe kubungabunga pisine yitegura gukoresha aside cyanuriki mu gihe cy'impeshyi.
Uko impeshyi yegereje, irushanwa ku isoko ry’ibinyabutabire byo muri Amerika y’Epfo rirarushaho kwiyongera. Abacuruza ibinyabutabire bitegura mbere y’igihe bazungukira ku giciro, kuboneka no kunyurwa n’abakiriya. Ibicuruzwa bitandatu by’ingenzi—aside trichloroisocyanuric (TCCA), SDIC, Cal Hypo, algaecides, clarifiers, na aside cyanuric—ni byo shingiro ry’ingamba nziza zo kubika ibintu.
Igihe cyo gucuruza imiti muri Amerika y'Epfo gitanga amahirwe n'imbogamizi ku bacuruzi b'imiti. Kubera ko abaguzi biyongera kandi ubukangurambaga bw'abaguzi ku isuku y'amazi burushaho kwiyongera, kugira ibicuruzwa bikwiye mu bubiko mbere y'Ukuboza ni ingenzi kugira ngo bigire icyo bigeraho.
Abakiriya bawe baba bafite pisine zo guturamo, amahoteli, cyangwa ibikorwa by'umujyi, bakeneye ibisubizo byizewe byo gutunganya amazi. Gukorana n'uruganda rwizewe rw'imiti yo mu bidendezi bitanga ubuziranenge buhamye, serivisi zihoraho, n'ubufasha bukomeye mu bya tekiniki mu gihe cyose cy'umwaka.
Isosiyete yacu itanga ubwoko bwinshi bw'imiti itunganya amazi n'ibikomoka ku bidendezi. Dufite impamyabumenyi za NSF, REACH, na ISO, kandi dukoresha amatsinda yihariye yo gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere no kugenzura ubuziranenge, duha abakwirakwiza ibicuruzwa muri Amerika y'Epfo ibicuruzwa byiza, gupfunyika byoroshye, no kubigeza ku gihe.
Twandikire uyu munsi kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku bijyanye n'ibisubizo byacu bya shimi byo mu bwoko bwa pisine ku isoko rya Amerika y'Epfo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-29-2025