Nigute nahitamo ubwoko bwa Polyacrylamide?

Polyacrylamide(PAM) ubusanzwe ishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bibiri: anionic, cationic, na nonionic bitewe n'ubwoko bwa iyoni. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutunganya amazi. Mu guhitamo, ubwoko butandukanye bw'amazi yanduye bushobora guhitamo ubwoko butandukanye. Ugomba guhitamo PAM ikwiye bitewe n'imiterere y'amazi yawe yanduye. Muri icyo gihe, ugomba kandi gusobanura uburyo polyacrylamide izongerwamo n'icyo ushaka kugeraho ukoresheje.

Ibipimo bya tekiniki bya polyacrylamide muri rusange birimo uburemere bwa molekile, urugero rwa hydrolysis, iyonicity, viscosity, ibisigaye bya monomer, nibindi. Ibi bimenyetso bigomba gusobanurwa hakurikijwe amazi yanduye uri gusukura.

1. Uburemere bwa molekile/ubucucike

Polyacrylamide ifite uburemere butandukanye bwa molekile, kuva ku buke kugeza ku buremere bwinshi. Uburemere bwa molekile bugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya polimeri mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Polyacrylamide ifite uburemere bwinshi bwa molekile akenshi igira akamaro kanini mu gikorwa cyo gukurura polimeri kuko imiyoboro yayo ya polimeri iba miremire kandi ishobora guhuza utunyangingo twinshi.

Uburemere bw'umuti wa PAM buba buri hejuru cyane. Iyo ionization ihamye, uko uburemere bwa molekile ya polyacrylamide burushaho kuba bwinshi, ni ko uburemere bw'umuti wayo buba bwinshi. Ibi biterwa nuko uruhererekane rw'amakuru rwa polyacrylamide ari rurerure kandi ruto, kandi ubushobozi bwo kudakora neza mu muti buba bunini cyane.

2. Ingano ya hydrolysis na iyonicity

Ionicity ya PAM igira ingaruka zikomeye ku ngaruka zayo, ariko agaciro kayo gakwiye gaterwa n'ubwoko n'imiterere y'ibikoresho byavuwe, kandi hari agaciro gatandukanye mu bihe bitandukanye. Iyo imbaraga za ionic z'ibikoresho byavuwe ari nyinshi (ibintu bitagira umwimerere), ionicity ya PAM yakoreshejwe igomba kuba iri hejuru, bitabaye ibyo igomba kuba iri hasi. Muri rusange, urugero rwa anion rwitwa urugero rwa hydrolysis, naho urugero rwa iyoon muri rusange rwitwa urugero rwa cation.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo polyacrylamidebiterwa n'ubwinshi bwa koloyide n'ibintu bikomeye biri mu mazi. Nyuma yo gusobanukirwa ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru, ni gute wahitamo PAM ikwiye?

1. Sobanukirwa aho imyanda ituruka

Ubwa mbere, tugomba gusobanukirwa inkomoko, imiterere, imiterere, ibikubiye mu myanda, nibindi.

Muri rusange, polyacrylamide ya cationic ikoreshwa mu kuvura ibisigazwa by’ibimera, naho polyacrylamide ya anionic ikoreshwa mu kuvura ibisigazwa by’ibimera. Iyo pH iri hejuru, polyacrylamide ya cationic ntigomba gukoreshwa, kandi iyo , polyacrylamide ya anionic ntigomba gukoreshwa. Ubusharire bukomeye butuma bidakwiye gukoresha polyacrylamide ya anionic. Iyo ibisigazwa by’ibimera ari byinshi, ingano ya polyacrylamide ikoreshwa iba nini.

2. Guhitamo ionisiti

Ku mwanda ugomba gukurwaho amazi mu gutunganya imyanda, ushobora guhitamo imiti igabanya ubukana bw'amazi mu buryo butandukanye binyuze mu bushakashatsi buke kugira ngo uhitemo polyacrylamide ikubereye, ishobora kugera ku ngaruka nziza zo gukurura amazi no kugabanya ingano y'amazi, bigatuma uzigama ikiguzi.

3. Guhitamo uburemere bwa molekile

Muri rusange, uko uburemere bwa molekile y’ibicuruzwa bya polyacrylamide burushaho kuba bwinshi, ni ko ubushyuhe burushaho kwiyongera, ariko mu ikoreshwa, uko uburemere bwa molekile y’ibicuruzwa burushaho kuba bwinshi, ni ko ingaruka zo kubikoresha zirushaho kuba nziza. Mu ikoreshwa ryihariye, uburemere bukwiye bwa molekile ya polyacrylamide bugomba kugenwa hakurikijwe inganda zikoreshwa, ubwiza bw’amazi n’ibikoresho byo gutunganya.

Iyo uguze kandi ugakoresha PAM ku nshuro ya mbere, ni byiza gutanga imiterere yihariye y'imyanda ku ruganda rukora flocculant, kandi tuzakugira inama yo gukoresha ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa bikubereye. Kandi wohereze ingero zo gupima. Niba ufite uburambe bwinshi mu gutunganya imyanda yawe, ushobora kutubwira ibyo ukeneye byihariye, aho ukoresha, n'uburyo ikoreshwa, cyangwa ukaduha ingero za PAM ukoresha ubu, maze tuzaguhuza na polyacrylamide ikwiye.