Itandukaniro n'imikoreshereze ya PAM ya cationic, anionic na nonionic？

Polyacrylamide(PAM) ni polymeri ifite ubushobozi bwinshi ikoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya amazi, gukora impapuro, gucukura amavuta n'ibindi. Dukurikije imiterere yayo ya ionic, PAM igabanyijemo ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi: cationic (Cationic PAM, CPAM), anionic (Anionic PAM, APAM) na nonionic (Nonionic PAM, NPAM). Ubwo bwoko butatu bufite itandukaniro rinini mu miterere, imikorere n'ikoreshwa.

1. Cationic polyacrylamide (Cationic PAM, CPAM)

Imiterere n'imiterere:

Cationic PAM: Ni polymer ikoze mu buryo bugororotse. Kubera ko ifite amatsinda atandukanye akora, ishobora gukora imigozi ya hydrogen hamwe n'ibintu byinshi kandi ahanini ikangiza imiterere y'ibinyabutabire bishyushye. Ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu bihe by'aside

Porogaramu:

- Gutunganya amazi yanduye: CPAM ikunze gukoreshwa mu kuvura amazi yanduye ya organic afite amashanyarazi mabi, nk'amazi y'imyanda yo mu mijyi, amazi yanduye atunganywa mu gutunganya ibiribwa, n'ibindi. Amafaranga meza ashobora guhuzwa n'uduce duto dufite amashanyarazi mabi tugahinduka flocs, bityo bigatuma habaho gutandukana kw'amazi akomeye n'amazi.

- Inganda zikora impapuro: Mu gikorwa cyo gukora impapuro, CPAM ishobora gukoreshwa nk'igikoresho gikomeza no kubika impapuro kugira ngo yongere imbaraga n'umuvuduko wo kubika impapuro.

- Gukuramo amavuta: Mu mirima y'amavuta, CPAM ikoreshwa mu kuvura ibyondo bicukurwa kugira ngo bigabanye kuyungurura no kubyimba.

2. Poliyariyoni (Aniyoni PAM, APAM)

Imiterere n'imiterere:

Anionic PAM ni polymeri ishobora gushonga mu mazi. Mu gushyiramo aya matsinda ya anionic ku mugongo wa polymeri, APAM ishobora gukorana n'ibintu bifite ingufu nziza. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukurura, gusya no gutunganya amazi yanduye atandukanye yo mu nganda. Ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu bihe bya alkaline.

Porogaramu:

- Gutunganya amazi: APAM ikoreshwa cyane mu mazi yo kunywa no mu gutunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda. Ishobora gukurura uduce duto duto duto binyuze mu gufunga amashanyarazi cyangwa kuyashyira mu mazi, bityo bigatuma amazi arushaho kuba meza.

- Inganda zikora impapuro: Nk'uburyo bwo kubika no kuyungurura, APAM ishobora kunoza imikorere yo kuyungurura amazi y'impapuro n'imbaraga zazo.

- Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no kuyatunganya: Mu gihe cyo kuzenguruka no kuyacukura, APAM ishobora guteza imbere uburyo amabuye y'agaciro acukurwamo kandi ikanoza uburyo amabuye acukurwamo.

- Kunoza Ubutaka: APAM ishobora kunoza imiterere y'ubutaka, ikagabanya isuri y'ubutaka, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu buhinzi n'ubuhinzi bw'imboga.

3. Polyacrylamide itari ionic (Nonionic PAM, NPAM)

Imiterere n'Imiterere:

PAM ya Nonionic ni polymer cyangwa polyelectrolyte ifite ingano runaka ya genes za polar mu muyoboro wayo wa molekile. Ishobora gukurura uduce duto duto duhagaze mu mazi no guhuza uduce duto kugira ngo tugire floccules nini, yihutishe sedimentation y'uduce duto mu guhagarara, yihutishe imiterere y'umuti, kandi igatuma uyungurura utwuma. Ntirimo amatsinda afite charge kandi igizwe ahanini n'amatsinda ya amide. Iyi miterere ituma igaragaza ubushobozi bwo gushonga no kudahungabana neza mu bihe bidafite aside kandi bike. PAM ya Nonionic ifite imiterere y'uburemere bwinshi bwa molekile kandi ntigira ingaruka zikomeye ku gaciro ka pH.

Porogaramu:

- Gutunganya amazi: NPAM ishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura amazi adatemba cyane, afite isuku nyinshi, nk'amazi yo mu rugo n'amazi yo kunywa. Akamaro kayo ni uko ishobora guhangana n'impinduka mu bwiza bw'amazi na pH.

- Inganda zitunganya imyenda n'amabara: Mu gutunganya imyenda, NPAM ikoreshwa nk'ingufu zigabanya ubukana bw'irangi kugira ngo inoze uburyo rifatana n'irangi neza.

- Inganda zikora ibyuma: NPAM ikoreshwa nk'amavuta yo kwisiga n'akonjesha mu gutunganya ibyuma kugira ngo igabanye kwangirika no kunoza imikorere myiza y'ibikoresho.

- Ubuhinzi n'ubuhinzi: Nk'umuti woroshya ubutaka, NPAM ishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi mu butaka no guteza imbere imikurire y'ibimera.

Polyacrylamide ya Cationic, anionic na nonionic ifite imiterere itandukanye n'ingaruka zayo bitewe n'imiterere yihariye ya shimi n'imiterere ya charge. Gusobanukirwa no guhitamo ibikwiyePAMubwoko bushobora kunoza cyane imikorere n'ingaruka kugira ngo buhuze n'ibyo inganda zitandukanye zikeneye.