Ibyiza byo gukoresha polyaluminum chloride mu gutunganya amazi yanduye

Bitewe n’ubwihutirwe bw’inganda, imiyoboro y’amazi mabi yabaye ikibazo gikomeye mu kurengera ibidukikije ku isi. Ishingiro ry’isukura ry’amazi mabi riri mu guhitamo no gukoreshaimiti igabanya ubushyuhemu gikorwa cyo gusukura. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, polyaluminum chloride (PAC) ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora neza cyane, nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi gifasha mu gutunganya imyanda, yagiye ihinduka "ikintu cy'ingenzi" mu nganda zitunganya imyanda bitewe n'imikorere yayo myiza n'uburyo ikoreshwa mu buryo bwagutse.

Polyaluminum chloride ni polymer isanzwe ifite ingaruka zikomeye zo gushonga. Iboneka binyuze mu gukora polymerization ya aluminium chloride na aluminium hydroxide mu bihe runaka. Ugereranyije n'ibindi bikoresho bisanzwe by'umunyu wa aluminium (nk'aluminium sulfate, aluminium salt coagulant, nibindi), polyaluminum chloride ifite ubushobozi bwo gukuraho imyanda, cyane cyane iyo ihangana n'umwanda mwinshi n'amavuta menshi. Imikorere yayo iratangaje cyane iyo bigeze ku bwiza bw'amazi. Yakoreshejwe cyane mu nzego nyinshi nko gutunganya imyanda mu mujyi, gutunganya imyanda mu nganda, no gutunganya imyanda yo mu ngo.

Ibyiza byo gukoresha polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane

1. Ingaruka zo gukurura amazi mu kirere ziratangaje

Polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane ishobora gukora vuba umubare munini w'udusimba duto mu mazi, bityo ikamenya neza ibintu bikomeye bihagaze, ibintu bya colloidal na mikorobe biri mu mazi. Ishobora guhumeka no gukuraho vuba uduce duhagaze, amavuta, iyoni z'ibyuma biremereye n'indi myanda iri mu mazi. Cyane cyane iyo ikora ku bwiza bw'amazi bugoye, ingaruka ziruta cyane udusimba dusanzwe tw'umunyu wa aluminiyumu. Mu gutunganya imyanda, polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane ishobora kongera umuvuduko wo gutuza ikigega cy'amazi mu gihe gito, bityo ikagabanya cyane uruziga rwo gutunganya imyanda.

2. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha

Polyaluminium chloride ikora neza cyaneIshobora kwihuza n'imiterere itandukanye y'amazi meza, harimo amazi menshi y'amazi mabi, imyanda myinshi y'amazi mabi, amazi arimo ibyuma biremereye, n'amazi afite ubushyuhe buke, bigaragaza ko ishoboye kwihuza neza. Ishobora gukuraho neza ibintu byinshi bidafite amazi n'imyanda ihumanya mu mazi, kandi ishobora gukoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya imyanda mu nzego zitandukanye nko mu buyobozi bw'umujyi, mu nganda, no mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Urugero, mu gutunganya imyanda yo mu ngo, amazi mabi y'uruganda rwa pulp, amazi mabi y'ibyuma, amazi mabi y'inganda z'ibiribwa n'ibindi, polyaluminum chloride ikora neza ishobora gutanga umusaruro mwiza wo gutunganya.

3. Igipimo gito, imikorere myiza cyane no kuzigama ingufu

Polyaluminium chloride ikora neza cyane yagenewe kugira ngo igere ku gipimo gito kandi irusheho kugira ingaruka nziza ku gusukura amazi. Igipimo cy’umukungugu muke ni 25-40% bya sulfate ya aluminiyumu, naho igipimo cy’umukungugu muke ni 10-25% bya sulfate ya aluminiyumu. Ibi ntibigabanya gusa ikiguzi cyo gukoresha imiti, ahubwo binagabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’imyanda mu gutunganya imyanda. Bitewe n’uko isigaranye aluminiyumu nke, igabanya umwanda wa kabiri mu mazi kandi igabanya cyane ikiguzi rusange cyo gutunganya imyanda. Kubwibyo, yabaye igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo kuzigama ikiguzi no kunoza imikorere mu bikorwa bifatika.

4. Kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gukoresha polyaluminium chloride ikora neza cyane bigira ingaruka nke ku bidukikije ndetse n'ibisigazwa bike bya aluminiyumu. Ugereranyije n'ibindi binyabutabire bikoreshwa mu gukurura amazi, polyaluminium chloride ni nziza kandi igira ingaruka nke ku gipimo cya pH na TA by'imyanda, bityo icyifuzo cy'imiti yo guhindura pH na TA kiragabanuka. Cyane cyane mu mishinga minini yo gutunganya imyanda no kurengera ibidukikije, yabaye amahitamo meza kandi arengera ibidukikije.

5. Bikwiriye gusukura amazi mu bushyuhe buke no mu mazi arimo umwanda mwinshi

Gutunganya amazi mu bihe by'ubushyuhe buke ni ikibazo gikunze kubaho. Cyane cyane mu gihe cy'ubukonje, ubushobozi bw'imiti isanzwe ikoreshwa mu gukaraba amazi buzagabanuka cyane. Ariko, polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane ishobora gukomeza kugira ingaruka nziza zo gukaraba amazi mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe buke. Byongeye kandi, iyo amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi, PAC igaragaza ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kuyatunganya kandi ishobora gukuraho neza uduce duto n'ibintu bya colloidal mu mazi. Ku mazi afite umwanda mwinshi w'amavuta, polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane nayo igira ingaruka nziza cyane zo gukuraho amavuta.

6. Huza imiterere y'ibipimo bitandukanye bya pH

Polyaluminium chloride ikora neza cyane ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'impinduka muri pH y'amazi kandi ishobora gukora neza mu rugero rwa pH runini. Muri rusange, PAC ishobora kugumana ingaruka nziza zo gukurura amazi hamwe n'agaciro ka pH kari hasi (ka aside) cyangwa karenze (ka alkali), ibyo bigatuma ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye mu miterere y'amazi. 5.0-9.0 ugereranije na 5.5-7.5

7. Kunoza imikorere myiza y'imyanda no kugabanya ingano y'imyanda

Polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane ifasha kwihutisha imyanda ikomeye mu myanda kandi ikongera imikorere myiza y'ikigega cyo gusya imyanda binyuze mu kunoza ubucucike n'ubushobozi bwo gutuza imyanda. Byongeye kandi, bitewe n'urwego rwo hejuru rwa polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane, imyanda ikorwa irushaho gukomera kandi ikagira agaciro vuba, bityo ikagabanya ingano y'imyanda ikorwa. Ibi bifite akamaro kanini mu gutunganya no guta imyanda nyuma yaho, kandi bishobora kugabanya ikiguzi n'ingorane zo gutunganya imyanda.

Ingero z'ikoreshwa rya polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane mu gutunganya amazi yanduye

1. Gutunganya imyanda y'abaturage

Mu rwego rwo gutunganya imyanda yo mu mujyi, polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane ishobora gukoreshwa cyane mu gihe cyo gutunganya imyanda no kuyitunganya mu nganda z’amazi. Ishobora gukuraho neza ibintu bikomeye bimanitse, ibintu bya kolloidal, bagiteri n’utundi dukoko mu mazi, kongera ubwiza bw’amazi, no gutanga isoko y’amazi meza yo gutunganya imyanda nyuma yaho. PAC yabaye imwe mu nganda zitunganya imyanda mu nganda zitunganya imyanda mu mijyi myinshi yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga.

2. Gutunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda

Mu rwego rwo gutunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda, polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane nayo ikoreshwa cyane. Igira ingaruka nziza ku mazi yanduye yo mu nganda ava mu gucapa no gusiga amarangi, gukora impapuro, gukora uruhu, gukoresha amashanyarazi n'izindi nganda, kandi ishobora gukuraho neza imyanda nk'amabara, COD na BOD. Urugero, mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ingufu z'amashanyarazi, inganda zikora imiti, gukora impapuro, gutunganya ibiribwa n'izindi nganda, PAC ishobora gufasha gukuraho ibyuma biremereye, ibizinga by'amavuta, uduce duto duto n'indi myanda ihumanya mu mazi. Cyane cyane iyo itunganya amazi yanduye afite amavuta, PAC yagaragaje ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukuraho amavuta kandi ishobora kugabanya cyane ingano y'amavuta mu bidukikije by'amazi.

3. Gutunganya amazi yanduye yo mu birombe

Mu rwego rwo gutunganya amazi yanduye mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane ishobora gukuraho amabuye y'agaciro, imyanda n'ibindi bintu birekuye mu mazi, bigatanga ubufasha mu kongera gukoresha amazi no kuvugurura ibidukikije mu duce ducukuramo amabuye y'agaciro. Kubera ko ubwiza bw'amazi mu duce ducukuramo amabuye y'agaciro bugoye kandi akenshi bugizwe n'ibintu byinshi bikomeye birekuye n'ibyuma biremereye, imikorere myiza ya polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane ni iy'ingenzi muri ubwo bwoko bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye.

Muri rusange,polyaluminum chloride ikora neza cyane, nk'umuti mwiza wo gutunganya imyanda, ufite ibyiza bikomeye bya tekiniki n'ibidukikije. Cyane cyane iyo hari umwanda mwinshi, amazi meza, n'umwanda mwinshi wa peteroli, ishobora kugira ingaruka nziza cyane mu gutunganya imyanda.